Amategeko ya Kiliziya Gatolika, ateganya ko hari ibigomba gukorwa mu gihe cyo gutora Umushumba Mukuru wa kiliziya Gatolika ku Isi iyo yitabye Imana cyangwa yeguye.
Iyo Papa yitabye Imana cyangwa yeguye, Kiliziya Gatolika ijya mu gihe cyitwa Sede Vacante. Muri icyo gihe, ubuyobozi bwa Kiliziya buyoborwa n’Inama y’Abakardinali (College of Cardinals) baturutse hirya no hino ku Isi gusa ariko ntabwo baba bemerewe gufata ibyemezo bikomeye birebana na kiliziya kugeza hatowe undi Papa.
Hagati y’iminsi 15 na 20 Papa amaze gushyingurwa, Abakaridinali bakora inama izwi nka Conclave ikabera muri Basilika ya Mutagatifu Petero. Papa atorwa n’abakaridinali 120 bari munsi y’imyaka 80.
Kugeza ubu Kiliziya Gatolika ifite Abakaridinali bagera ku 135 bakiri mu nshingano ndetse n’abari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru aho bose hamwe ari 252. Ukurikije ibisabwa ni bo bemerewe gutora, gusa ariko Papa Paul wa VI yashyizeho itegeko rivuga ko Abakaridinali 120 ari bo bemerewe gutora Papa.
Ibi bivuze ko mu Bakaridinali 135 Kiliziya ifite kugeza ubu hari abagera kuri 15 batitabira umuhango wo gutora Papa mu rwego rwo kwita ku ihame ry’uko buri gihe abagomba gutora ari 120 batarengeje imyaka 80.
Iyi nama y’Abakaridinali izwi nka Conclave ntabwo iba rimwe ngo ihite irangira ndetse muri icyo gihe ntabwo baba bemerewe gukoresha telephone, kuvugana n’itangazamakuru cyangwa se irindi tumanaho ryo hanze iryo ariryo ryose bagira aho bahurira.
Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo Roho Mutagatifu akomeze abayobore muri icyo gikorwa ndetse kugira ngo hatagira aho bahurira n’abantu barimo n’Abanyapolitike bashobora kubaha amahitamo y’uwo bagomba gutora.
Kugeza ubu Kiliziya Gatolika yemera ko umugabo wese wabatijwe cyangwa Umulayiki ashobora gutorerwa kuba Papa, gusa ntabwo birabaho kuva mu 1378. Uyu munsi Umushumba Mukuru wa Kiliziya Gatolika ku Isi atorwa aturutse mu nama y’Abakardinali (College of Cardinals).
Mu gihe cyo gutora, buri mu Karidinali yandika izina ry’umukandida yatoranyije, akazinga urupapuro ruriho izina rye, akarishyira mu nkongoro nini iba iri kuri alitari. Aba Bakaridinali kandi bavuga isengesho bambaza Yezu Kristu nk’umuhamya ndetse n’umucamanza wabo.
Kugira ngo Papa atorwe, agomba kubona nibura amajwi angana na bibiri bya gatatu (2/3). Iyo ntawe ubonye amajwi ahagije, amatora arahagarara Abakaridinali bagasenga nyuma bakayasubukura kugeza igihe Papa abonekeye. Ibi bishobora kumara iminsi, ibyumweru, ukwezi cyangwa se imyaka.
Buri tora rikozwe iyo nta muntu ugize amajwi angana na 2/3, udupapuro Abakaridinali batoreyeho baraducagagura bakatuvanga n’amarangi y’umukara bakadutwika hanyuma mu cyumba batoreyemo hakazamukira umwotsi w’umukara bigaragaza ko nta Papa uraboneka.
Muri icyo gihe cyo gutora Papa, ku mbuga ya Bazilika yitiriwe Mutagatifu Petero haba hari imbaga y’Abakirisitu Gatolika bategereje kumenya Papa mushya ugiye kuyobora Kiliziya.
Buri munsi hakorwa amatora inshuro enye, abiri aba mu gitondo andi abiri akaba nyuma ya saa sita. Hashobora kuba amatora inshuro runaka kugeza igihe umwe mu bakaridinali abonye 2/3 by’amajwi kugira ngo atsinde.
Iyo abakaridinali bakoze amatora inshuro zigera kuri 33 zose nta Papa mushya uraboneka, bahita bafata abakandida babiri bagize amajwi menshi kurusha abandi maze hagakorwa andi matora, ugize amajwi menshi muri abo bombi akaba ari we uba Papa.
Iyo umwe muri abo bombi amaze kubona amajwi asabwa, uyiboye inama y’Abakaridinali, amubaza ibibazo bibiri:
Wemera itorwa ryawe nk’Umuyobozi w’Ikirenga wa Kiliziya?
Uzitwa nde?
Iyo abyemeye ahita aba Umushumba Mukuru wa Kiliziya Gatolika ku Isi maze bagafata za mpapuro batoreyeho bakazitwika bazivanze n’amarangi y’umweru maze mu cyumba batoreyemo hakazamuka umwotsi w’umweru bisobanuye ko Papa noneho amaze gutorwa.
Icyo gihe Umuyobozi w’inama y’abakaridinali arasohoka, agahagarara ku ibaraza rya Bazilika yitiriwe Mutagatifu Petero, maze akavuga amagambo yo mu Kilatini ngo ‘Habemus Papam’ bisobanuye ngo ‘Dufite Papa’ agahita atangaza amazina ye asanzwe ndetse n’izina yihitisemo ry’Abapapa.
Papa umaze gutorwa ahita yambara ikanzu y’umweru na we akaza kuri rya baraza agatanga umugisha ndetse akageza ijambo rye rya mbere ku Bakiristu Gatolika aba agiye kuyobora mu buzima asigaje.
