Imyaka 43 irashize, umunya-Jamaica,Robert Nesta Marley,umuhanzi mu njyana ya Reggae,yitabye Imana.
Bob Marley ufatwa nk’uwamenyekanishije cyane injyana ya Reggae,ubusanzwe yitwa Robert Nesta Marley, yavutse tariki ya 6 Gashyantare mu 1945, mu gihugu cya Jamaica, aza kwitaba Imana ku wa 11 Gicurasi 1981 mu mujyi wa Miami muri leta ya Florida muri leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika.
Bob Marley akiri ku isi, yaranzwe no gukora indirimbo zakundwaga kandi zigikunzwe n’imbaga y’abatuye Isi biganjemo abarasita.
Uyu mugabo ni umwe mu batumye umuziki wa Jamaica ndetse n’umuryango Rastafari umenyekana ku isi ndetse ubona abakunzi benshi. Nyakwigendera, ni we muhanzi wa mbere ku Isi mu bakora injyana ya Raggae wabashije kugurisha ibihangano byinshi dore ko yagurishije ama CD agera kuri miliyoni 200.
Bob Marley yabyawe n’umugore w’umwirabura witwa Cedella Marley Booker wari ufite imyaka 18 na se w’umuzungu witwa Norval Marley wari ufite imyaka 50. Kuvuka muri ubu buryo byatumye Bob Marley ahura n’ibibazo by’ivangura mu bwana bwe kugeza abaye ingimbi. Se wa Bob yitabye Imana uyu mwana afite imyaka 10 gusa.
Bob Marley ni umwe mu bahanzi bubatse izina ku rwego rw’Isi, kugeza na n’ubu niwe muhanzi uzwi kurusha abandi washoboye guteza imbere no kumenyekanisha injyana ya Reggae. Akaba n’uwa mbere mu mateka washoboye kugurisha CD nyinshi z’indirimbo muri iyi njyana.
Mu gihe cye cy’ubugimbi, Bob Marley yavuye mu buzima bw’icyaro butari bumworoheye, ajya gushakisha ubuzima mu mujyi i Trenchtown muri Kingston.
Ahageze yahamenyaniye na Neville Livingston wanitwaga Bunny Wailer na Winston Hubert McIntosh wiyitaga Peter Tosh bafatanyije guhimba no kuririmba.
Mu 1962, ku myaka 17 y’amavuko, nibwo Bob Marley yasohoye indirimbo ye ya mbere yise ‘Judje not’ bisobanura ngo ntugace urubanza. Muri iki gihe indirimbo ze ntizakunzwe cyane ariko ntibyamuciye intege yakomeje gushyira ingufu ze mu buhanzi.
Mu 1963, afatanyije na Junior Braithwaithe, Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer bakoze itsinda bise Wailers bisobanura ababibyi. Bashoboye gusinyana kontaro (contrat) na studio One mu 1964 bikaba byaraborohereje gusohora indirimbo zabo.
Nyuma yo gushyingiranwa na Ritha Anderson mu 1966, Bob Marley yasubiye gushaka nyina wari waramaze nawe gushaka undi mugabo w’umunyajamayika witwa Booker bakaba bari baragiye gutura muri Amerika.
Bob yashatse akazi ko gukora muri hoteri yitwa Dupont, ariko ntibyamubuza kubibangikanya no kujya yandika indirimbo.
Kuba nta muterankunga ubifitiye ubushobozi yari afite, kugira ngo amufashe mu icuruzwa ry’ibihangano bye, byatumaga indirimbo ze zitagurwa ku buryo bushimishije.
Ku bw’izo mpamvu Bob Marley yaje guhura n’ubukene ku buryo kuba mu mugi n’umugore we Ritha, ndetse n’abana babo babiri (2) Cedella na Ziggy bikomeza kugorana ahitamo gusubira mu cyaro aho yavukiye mu 1967.
Nta mikoro ahagije, mu 1969 Bob Marley yongeye gusanga nyina muri Amerika. Ahageze yashatse akazi ko gukora mu ruganda rukora ibijyanye n’amamodoka rwa Crysler. Umugore we n’abana nyuma baje kuhamusanga.
Tariki 3 ukuboza mu 1976, Bob Marley yararusimbutse, i Kingston mbere ya konseri (concert) agiye gukora. Abantu batandatu bafite intwaro bamutegeye iwe, bamurasa isasu ryamufashe ukuboko, irindi mu gituza, mu itako, irindi rikomeretsa umugore we Ritha mu mutwe ariko ntiryamuhitana. Don Taylor, umunyamerika wamufashaga mu bya muzika (manager) nawe yarashwe amasasu 6 aramukomeretsa. Uwashoboye kumenyekana muri aba bagizi ba nabi harimo Jim Broun.
Iminsi nyuma y’uko ibi biba, Bob Marley yitabiriye igitaramo i Kingiston. Umwe mu banyamakuru amubajije impamvu yaje nyuma y’igihe gito agiriwe nabi, yaramusubije ngo “ niba abantu bagerageza guhungabanya isi bataruhuka, ni gute njye nabikora ? »
Ku iherezo ry’ubuzima bwe, Bob Marley yayobotse idini y’aba ortodoxe bo muri Etiyopiya. Bob Marley yifuje gusoreza ubuzima bwe muri Etiyopiya, ariko ntibyashobotse kuko yaguye i Miami ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1981,ku bitaro bya kaminuza ya Miami muri Leta ya Frolida afite imyaka 36 azize indwara ya cancer y’uruhu.
Yashyinguwe ku ya 21 Gicurasi muri paruwasi yavukiyemo, ya Mutagatifu Ann aho uyu muhango witabiriwe n’abantu benshi.
Bob Marley yagiye afatwa n’abantu bo mu bihe bitandukanye nk’umuvugizi w’abatagira kivurira. Yashatse kugaragaza uburyo amateka y’abirabura yacuritswe.
Abana ba Bob Marley bazwi ni 11, harimo batanu yabyaranye n’umugore we Ritha, harimo babiri muri bo batari abe. Umukobwa we mukuru Imani Carole, wavutse ku ya 22 gicurasi 1963 ntiyigeze amwemera, akaba yaramubyaranye na Cheryl Muray.
Nyuma yo gushakana na Ritha, Bob yakiriye umwana witwa Sharon amurerana n’abe.
Bob Marley abarirwa albums 13 yasohoye n’izindi 6 yakoze mu buryo bwa Live ariko yakoze indirimbo 133.
Imwe muri album ze zamumenyekanishije ikanagurwa kurusha izindi ni iyo yise ‘No woman no cry’ aho iyi ndirimbo irimo ubutumwa buhumuriza umugore uba mu buzima bubi no guhohoterwa.
Umuzingo w’indirimbo wa Exodus wa Marley n’itsinda ry’abaririmbyi rye rya Wailers urimo indirimbo zakunzwe nka Jamming, Three Little Birds na One Love.
